Editing is a process of manipulating, selecting and arranging shots, adding or removing sections of video clips and/or audio clips, choosing their order, their duration and combining individual shots in a specific order.
It is considered to be part of post-production process including mixing of video footage with music, sound effects, audio and special effects and put it in a particular order. This is where the material that has been shot is blended together to form a convincing, persuasive presentation.
Editing goals
There are many reason to edit a video. Editing will depend on the desired outcome that will be accepted by the audience. But before editing begin the editor can clear idea on his/her editing goals which are to assemble material into sequential fashion, correct mistakes by trimming them out or by covering them with another footage and also to create, enhance, embellish and bring to life images and events that once captured live.
During editing process the editor put together different video by simply cutting the various video tapes pieces together into proper sequences.
Correcting mistakes by cutting unnecessary parts and/or replacing them with the good ones.
To create a flow, the video editor the videos are well edited, he/she can add extra video or extra elements like effects, graphics, music can give a flow in the way which achieves this goal.
A good editor will be able to create subtle mood prompts in a video. Techniques such as mood music and visual effects can influence how the audience will react.
To give a video a particular angle, video can be tailored to support a particular viewpoint, impart a message or serve an agenda.
Shooting order VS Running order
Sometimes the action is shot from the start to finish. Only sections of the total action may be deliberately shot, omitting unwanted action. The action may be repeated so that it can be shot from various position. A series of similar subjects may be shot that reached different stage.
Editing video and audio
Cutting and splicing segments of the video tape together using splicing video editing technique.
A linear editing
Copying and putting segments from master tape to another tape in sequential order.
No linear editing
Overview of the nonlinear process;
• Digitize footage into computer
• Trim each video segments or clip, deleting unwanted video frames.
• Place the clips into timeline
• Add video special effects and transitions.
• Insert additional audio (music, voiceover)
• Output the final program to the distribution medium.
Logging
Viewing the footage and write down scene, take numbers, the lengths of each shot, time code and description of each shot.
Editing equipment
A camcorder (with Fireside), editing software package can be installed in a computer to make editing easier.
Good continuity
Make sure that everything is consistent from shot to shot so that the shots can easily be edited together. Paying attention to details will help the editor in achieving good continuity.
Editing priorities
It is worth remembering during editing phrase that either the pictures or audio may be given priority. Changing the picture angles and changing shots can make the event happening interesting. For example if shooting sporting events it is important to consider the audience. Taking shots of attendance of people (fans), side-lines, pitch/field, players/participants, people involved (such as coaches, managers) and people's reactions is the best way to represent the audience and Aura/ambience, this will make the audience to enjoy watching the game. Always make sure that what audience see is what they hear, always cut off unwanted parts without audience noticing any glitches .
Good editing techniques
The editor have to avoid cutting between shots extremely same size of same subject it is jolting for audiences. Do not cut between shots that are similar or even matching, it will look as if transformers from one to another. Do not cut between shots of the same size and subject, it produce a jump cut. If two subjects are going in the same direction, have them both going across the screen direction. Avoiding cutting between still(static) Shots and moving images except for a specific reason. If breaking continuity of action, introduce cutesy shot to ensure that this relates meaningfully to the main tension. Avoid cutting the shots that make people or object move from one side of the screen to another.
A TV editor is like a mirror to the overall production for TV shows/programs. He/she filter the final TV content, bring the show to life and ensure that it suits the needs of the audience.
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